Road machine



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A T TORNE(` March 17,'1936. c. A. GUSTAFSON 2,034,141

ROAD MACHINE Filed Oct. 12, 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 2 c. A. GUsTAFsoN2,034,141

ROAD MACHINE Filed Oct. 12, 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 www March 17, 1936.

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ROAD MACHINE Filed oct. 12, 19:52 '7 sheets-sheet 5 Y/ o U 158 760 75sIN VEN TOR.

CARL. A. Gus'rAFsoN BY' r. A TOR/V- March 17, 1936. C. A, GUSTAFSON2,034,141

ROAD MACHINE Filed Oct. 12, 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 E :c ELLE;

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ROAD MACHINE Filed Oct. 12, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 E I Q EL CARL. H.GusTaFsoN n @59 B Z ATToR/wx/` Patented Mar. l?, 1936 lNI'I'ED STATESA'rs'r to Caterpillar Tractor C0., San Leandro,

Calif.,

a corporation of California l Application October 12, 1932, Serial No..637,464

1 Claim.

'Ihe present invention relates to road machines and particularly toautomotive road machines having a plurality of earth engagngtools whichare adjustable by power control means,-

driven from a source of power which also supplies power for propellingthe machine.

It is an object of the invention to provide a transmission including aclutch-controlled drive and a constantly running drive.

Another object of the invention is to provide a power take-off meansconstantly driven from the crankshaft of a motor.

Another object of the invention is to provide a clutch-controlled driveand a constantly Another object of the invention is to provide improvedmeans for adjustably supporting an earth engaging tool from a frame.

Another object of the invention is to provide supporting means for thetool of a road machine in which vertical and horizontal play iseliminated.

-Another object of the invention is to provide an earth engaging toolwhich is adjustable to vary the angle between said tool and the surfaceof the earth.

'Another object of the invention is to provide power operated mechanismfor adjusting the earth engaging tools of a road machine.

Another object of the invention is to provide an automotive road machinehaving a. power unit which supplies a constantly running drive foroperating the tool adjusting mechanisms and a clutch-controlled drivefor propelling the machine.

- Other objects will appear as the description progresses. Descriptionof figures Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine, the front endbeing broken away to show the draft connection for the tool. A

Fig. 2 is a plan view, certain parts being broken away at the front endto show the draft connection for the tool. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal,vertical section through the clutch, the transmission, motor, and rearaxle assembly being shown in phantom lines.

Fig..4fis a rear view of the blade and circle assembly.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the blade andcircle 5 assembly, withcertain parts broken away to disclose the meansvfor shifting the circleon its center.

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6 6 in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a section on the line l-'I in Fig. 5. 10

. Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8-8 in Fig. 2.'

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the blade and circle assembly.

Fig. 10 is a section on the line Ill-Ill in Fig. 9.`

Fig. 11 is a plan View on the line il--ii in 15 Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a section on the line |2I2 in Fig. 9.

Fig. 13 is a section illustrating the construction of the lift hangers.

Fig. 14 is a view on the line M-M in Fig. 13. 20

Fig. 15 is a view on the line iSv-I5 in Fig. 13.

Fig. 16 is a view on the line IS-IS in Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a longitudinal, vertical section through the scarifier.

Fig. 18 is a longitudinal, vertical section 25 through the power controlclutch mechanism.

Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the power control clutchmechanism,l the drive there-` for, and the connections therefrom to thead4 justing means for the blade and scarier. 30

Description of machine Road machines having power operated mechanism forcontrolling the adjustment of the earth moving means thereof haveheretofore been pro- 35 vided with diierent sources of power forpropelling the machine and for driving the power control mechanism, or,where the same source of power is used for both purposes, the drivingmeans for the power control mechanism is con- 40 nected to the clutchdriven shaft which also drives the transmission mechanism. The use ofthe same source of power for both purposes possesses obvious advantagesover the provision of different sources `of power but where the clutch45 driven shaft serves to ldrive the power control mechanism, as in themachines heretofore known, certain disadvantageous features result.

The principal disadvantage is thatthe power take-olf for the powercontrol mechanism can 50 be driven only when the clutch is engaged, and,consequently, the power control mechanism can not be operated while theclutch is disengaged in shifting gear, or in stopping and starting themachine. Moreover, when the machine is not in 55 motion and the powercontrol mechanism is being used, any accidental movement of the gearshift lever results in a sudden starting of the machine as the clutch isengaged. Such sudden movement of the machine is not only very apt tocause breakage of paris, butis also very dangerous to the operator.

These disadvantages are eliminated by the invention disclosed hereinwhich provides a constantly rlmning power take-off drive for the powercontrol mechanism and a clutch-controlled drive for the traction devicesof the machine. Thus the drive for the power control mechanism is neverinterrupted by the operator in driving the machine but is alwaysavailable irrespective of the engagement or disengagement of the clutch.Furthermore, any danger to the operator or machine from accidentalstarting is eliminated.

The feature of the invention referred to above is equally useful inother road machines which are not self-propelled such as an elevatinggrader having a source oi power providing a clutchcontrolled drive tooperate the carrier belt and having power control mechanism for the plowand/or the The invention is also applicable to tractors provided with apower takeoff used in connection with drawn vehicles such as road machinand harvesters, or with mechanisms adapted to be mounted on the in'actorsuch as hoists, bulldozers, agricultural implements, etc., having partsadapted to operating by power.

Frame and supports therefor 'Ihe frame of the machine is substantiallysymmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis thereof and includestwo side channels l0, (Figs. 1 and 2) which extend substantially thelength of the machine and have a slight convergence toward the front end(Fig. 2). These side channels are connected by cross members and braces.In the front end of the machine bolster i2 is riveted to the forwardends of side channels i0 and |I. Said bolster I2 is provided withbearings |3, |4 forward of the front ends of side channels |8, whichreceive a shaft providing a draft connection for the scarifier asdescribed hereinafter. Said bolster i2 is also provided with 'centrallylocated beang I6 (Fig. 1) on the under side thereof vhiohis adapted toitceive a draft connection ,for the tool as described hereinafter.

Near the front end, hanger I1 (Fig. 1) is provided, the ends thereofbeing riveted to side channels |8 and Il, respectively, suitable gussetsserving to strengthen the connections. Said hanger I1 supports certainbraces as hereinafter described.

At the rear end of the machine, side channels I l, are secured to curvedchannel 2| by suitable brackeis, said channel forming a rear bumper.Toward the front end of the machine above the scariier, I-beam 3|, (Fig.2) forms a crosspiece between side channels I8, being secured thereto bygussets 32.

Above the blade, brackets 36, 31 are secured to side channels il, il,respectively, and serve to support Ithe blade liiting mechanism. Angle38 connects said brackets 38, 31, at the top, and at the bottom saidbrackets are connected by a similar cross angle which has T-bar 4|(Fig. 1) secured thereto. T-bar 4I supports the center shift mechanism.

Dashboard Si (Fig. 2) at the operator's station supports are provided atthe rear.

supports the power control mechanism, and cross angle 48, therebeneath,supports a portion of the drive connection from the motor to said powercontrol mechanism. Said dashboard 56 and cross angle 48 are secured toside channels I0, by

- vertical angles forming part of the framework at the operatorsstation. Steerable supports are provided at the iront of the machine anddriving The frame is strengthened by a plurality of suitable crossbraces. The front supports comprise wheels |00, |0| (Fig. 2) journaledon spindles integral with knuckles |02, |03, respectivelyLwhich arepivotally secured to the respective ends of front axle |04. At itscenter, axle |04 pivotally supports casting |09 (Fig. 1) which is boltedat its upper end to bolster I2. Said casting |09 is provided withbearing ||2 adapted to receive a draft connection for the blade.

Brace rods I I6, ||1 (Fig. 2) are secured to axle |04 at their forwardends and converge rearwardly to hanger I 1 (Fig. 1), having a commonpivotal connection I|8 therewith.

Steering arms |26, |21 (Fig. 2) are secured to imuckles |02, |03,respectively, and the rearward ends thereof have a pivotal connectionwith the respective ends of adjustable tie rod |28. Arm |21 has lateralextension |29 having a ball and socket connection with drag link 3|(Fig. 1). Said drag link |3| has a ball andsocket connection with arm|32 which is operated by steering mechanism enclosed in housing '|33(Fig. 2) bolted to side channel Said steering mechanism may be of thetype disclosed in Patent 1,618,588, issued February 22, 1927, to EdwardHassig. Shaft |34 journaled in housing |33 and adapted to operate thesteering mechanism has universal joint |36 with shaft |31 journaled inbearing support |38 on angle 38 and similar bearing support |39 on powercontrol clutch housing H28. Handwheel |48 is secured to shaft |31 foroperating the steering mechanism. Said bearing support |38 (Fig. 8)comprises bearing sleeve |4| engaging said shaft and pivoted by pin |42in opposite ears |43 on tubular support 44; Said support |44 is slidablein bracket |45 bolted to cross angle 38 and said bracket is slottedvertically at |48 to form with clamping bolt |41 a means for clampingsaid bearing support |44 in its vertically adjusted position. Saidbearing support 38 is similarly constructed.

From the foregoingv description it isseen that steerable front supportsare provided for the machine and that the control shaft for operatingthev steering means is journaled in pivotally mounted, verticallyadjustable supports.

The rear end of the frame is supported on traction devices comprisingrear wheels 200. one of which is shown in Fig. 1. Said wheels 280 aremolmted on the rear axle supported in a rear axle housing suitablyconnected to side channels l0, I. The drive for rear wheel 200 isdescribed hereinafter.

Power unit ing a rearward opening conforming to the front opening insaid crankcase. Said housing 303 is provided with front cover plate 301extending substantially the full length thereof and bolted thereto. Thelower rearward portion of housing 303 is bolted to rear axle housing22|, said housings having conforming openings. Thus it is seen thatcrankcase 302, and clutch and transmission housing 303 are rigidlysecured together as a. unit and are connected to rear axle housing Thefront power unit support comprises cross angle 16 suitably secured-toside channels |0, at its ends. Adjacent to and just above said angle 16,block 3 I 6 is secured to cover 301 by cap screws 3|1. Said block 3|6 issupported on cross angle 16 by rubber block 3|8 and shim 3|9, being heldthereon by cradle 32|. Rubber block 322 is interposed between the top ofsaid block 3|6 and said cradle 32|. Bolts 323 passing through the feetof cradle 32|, shim 3|9 and the horizontal flange of angle 16 securesaid cradle to said angle. Fromthe foregoing description, it is seenthat the front of the power unit is resiliently supported in the framefor limited movement with respect thereto.

The controls for motor 300 are located at the operators station.Throttle control lever 33| (Fig. 2) is suitably mounted on the left endof power control clutch housing H28. Bracket 333 bolted to the right endof said housing |20 provides a support for manifold heat control lever334 and the ignition switch (not shown).

Clutch and transmission Clutch 400 (Fig. 3) transmits two drives fromthe motor, a controllable drive to the transmission as determined by theclutch pedal located at the operators station, and a constant drive tothe power control mechanism, which is described in a subsequentsect-ion.

Crankshaft 336 of motor 300 is secured at its rear end to iiywheel 40|by bolts 402 passing through said flywheel and flange 331 on saidcrankshaft. Flywheel 40| is provided with a cylindrical flange 463 towhich centrally apertured plate 404 is bolted. Levers 405, only one ofwhich is shown, pivoted on plate 404 extend substantially radiallythereof and are provided at their outer ends with fingered aperturesadapted to receive bolts 406 which pass through apertures in plate 404and are pivoted'to plate 401. Springs 408 surrounding bolts 406 tend tohold said levers 405 in the position shown in Fig. 3. Plate-401 isprovided with teeth which mesh with internal teeth formed on ilange403of flywheel 40 whereby said p2ate401 rotates with said flywheel 40| butis shiftable with respect thereto. A plurality of compression springs409 are provided, only one of which is shown, which press plate 401towards said flywheel 40|, said springs 409 being seated in cups 4||formed in plate 404, and engage projections 4|2 on plate 401.

Plate 4|3 is riveted to hub 4|4 splined on tubular shaft 4 6 and isprovided with clutch faces 4 1 of suitable composition, said faces 4|1being adapted to be engaged by the respective clutching faces offlywheel 40| and plate 401.

From the foregoing description, it is'seen that when levers 405 are inthe position shown in Fig. 3, springs 409 press plate 401 inwardlywhereby clutch faces 4| 1 on plate 4|3 are gripped between therespective clutching faces of flywheel 40| and plate 401, transmittingthe drive therefrom to hub 4|4 and tubular shaft 4|6. Said shaft 4|6 issupported in flywheel 40| by bearing 4| 0 having bearing retainer 4|9,passes through sleeve 420, mounted in housing 303, and is supported atits forward end in plate 301 by bearing 42| mounted in bearing cage 422.Bearing 42| is held in cage 422 by spacer 423 and bearing adjusting nut424 having threaded engagement with said shaft 4|6. Said nut 424 holdsbearing 42| in engagement with a shoulder on shaft 4|6, and the flangeof cage 422 in engagement with housing 303.

Gear 426 is keyed on tubular shaft 4| 6 between bearing 42| and oilthrower 421 adjacent collar 428 of shaft 4|6 which holds sleeve 420 inplace. Said gear 426 meshes with gear 429 mounted on bearings 430 onstub shaft 43|. Lock nut 432 threaded on shaft 43| holds said bearingsin place. Said shaft 43| is mounted in apertured boss 433 ofclutch andtransmission housing 303. Gear 429 meshes with a suitable gear ondriving transmission shaft 503 whereby the transmission is driven vfromclutch-controlled'shaft 4| 6.

It is seen, therefore, that the drive for driving transmission shaft 503is controlled by movement of plate 401 of the vclutch 400 as determinedby movement of levers 405. The inner ends of levers 405 bear against theface of thrust ring 436 surrounding tubular shaft; 4|6 but not engagedtherewith. Ring 436 is mounted in bearing cage 431 by bearing 438, beingheld therein by the end of levers 405. Oil retainer 439 engages cage 431and ring 436.

Cage 431 is slidably mounted on sleeve 420 and is held resilientlyagainst the Wall of housing 303 by compression springs 44| surroundingstuds 442 held between ange 443 of said cage 431 and washers 444 on theends of said studs 442, which pass freely through said ange and havethreaded engagement with the wall of housing 303. Cage 431 when movedforwardly presses ring 436 against the inner ends of levers 405 wherebysaid levers are rocked to move plate 401 to the right as viewed in Fig.3, thereby interrupting the drive for driving transmission shaft 503.

Movement of cage 431 and ring 436 is controlled by a pair of arms 45| ofyoke 452 which is keyed and clamped on shaft 453. Said arms engage theopposite sides of cage 431, left arm 45| being shown in Fig. 3. Shaft453 is journaled in housing 303 and extends therethrough to the left ofthe machine.- Arm 456 (Fig. 1) secured to shaft 453 outside of housing303 `is urged to clutch engaging position by spring 460 secured theretoand said arm is pivotally connected at its upper end to adjustable rod451. Said rod 451 is pivotally connected at its forward end to short arm458 integral with sleeve 459 of clutch pedal 46|. Said sleeve 459 isloosely journaled on a shaft suitably supported on respective sidechannels I0,

It is obvious from the foregoing description that operation of theclutch pedal serves to engage and disengage the clutch to transmit adrive to the transmission as controlled by the operator.

The transmission mechanism is illustrated in phantom lines in Fig. 3 andcomprises driving transmission shaft 503 having a plurality of gears 504thereon and driven transmission shaft 502 having a plurality ofshiftable gears 505. Said transmission shafts 502,503, and clutch drivenshaft 4|6 lie in substantially the same vertical plane. The transmissionmechanism serves to transmit forward and reverse drives of varyingspeeds to the rear axle and wheels. This mechanism may be of the typedisclosed in the co-pending application of Oscar L. Starr, Serial No.

631,050, filed August 30, 1932. The transmission' mechanism iscontrolled by gear shift lever 632 (Fig. 2) in a manner fully disclosedin said application. Brake means 668 (Fig. 3) is associated with driventransmission shaft 502, brake pedal 694 (Fig. 2) controlling theoperation thereof.

Thus it is seen that a clutch controlled drive from the power unit isprovided for propelling the machine, and, as described hereinafter, thepower unit also provides a constantly running drive for the powercontrol mechanism.

Blade and circle c Blade |03 (Figs. 4 and 5) consists of a cutting edgecomprising two cutting sections secured to moldboard 102 by bolts 103,which also serve to secure angle 104 thereto. Angle 106 is riveted tothe trailing edge of angle 104. Reference numeral 101 indicates suitableag sockets. Brackets 108 serve to connect the blade to the circle ln amanner hereinafter described.

Circle 1II (Fig. 9) is made of a single piece of angle bent into acircle with the ends joined by welding, but said circle may be formed inany other suitable manner. Beam 1I2 is provided with central portion 1I3bent into a semi-circle of substantially the same radius as the circle,and said central portion 1I3 encompasses approximately one half ofcircle 1 I I and is riveted thereto. End portions 1I4, 1I6 (Fig. 4) ofthe beam extend tangentially from the circle and downwardly, their lowerends being apertured for connection to brackets 108 by means of bolts1I1.

These connections are similar and only one will be described. Bolt 1I1(Fig. 6) is journaled in tapered sleeve 1I8 which engages complementalaperture 1I9 in end portion 1I6. Washer 12| is held between end portion1I6 and nut 122 threaded on bolt 1|1.

In order to rigidly connect the end portions of the beam to the circle,brackets 126, 121 (Fig. 4) are riveted to respective end portions 1I4,1I6. The upper ends of brackets 12S, 121 are riveted to the ends ofcross angle 128 which is rigidly connected to the circle by brackets129, 13I. In addition, the lower` ends of brackets 126, 121 are r gidlysecured by gussets 132, 133 to the lower ends of inclined braces 134,136, the inner ends of which are riveted to angle 12S.

Blade 100 is angularly adjustable about the axis of bolts 1 I1 to alterthe inclination of cutting edge to the surface of the ground. To lockthe blade in adjusted position, links 131,' 138 (Fig. 9) are connectedby bolts 139, 14| to brackets 142, 143, respectively, cn moldboard 102.As shown in Fig. 7, link 138 is provided with tapered hub 144 whichpivots on complementally formed conical boss 145 on bracket 143. Link131 and bracket 142 are similarly connected. The inner faces of links131, 138 are serrated (Fig. 9) to engage corrponding serrations inclamping blocks 146, 141 on the beam, being held engaged therewith bybolts 148, 149.

'I'he circle is revolvably mounted in a framework consisting offorwardly converging drawbars 15|, 152, rear cross angle 153, and yoke154. Rear cross angle 153 is connected to the rear ends of drawbars 15|,152 by brackets 156, 151 bolted thereto. Yoke 154 is bolted to drawbars15|, 152 intermediate their ends.

The inwardly extending ilange of circle 1II (Figs. 10 and 11) rests onarcuate ledge 158 of shoe 159 which is bolted to bracket 151 by bolts160 passing through elongated apertures 18| in said shoe 159. Aboveledge 158 a portion of bracket 151 extends over the inwardly projectingflange of circle 1|I where it is provided with recessed boss 162 adaptedto receive rub iron 163. Adjusting screw 164 for said rub iron isthreaded in boss 162 and is provided with lock nut 165. Said shoe 159 isprovided on its inner edge with flat surfaces 166 which are engaged byadjusting screws 161 threaded in bosses 168 in bracket 151 and havinglock nuts 169. The arcuate ledge provides a support for the circle onwhich the circle can be revolved and the rub iron serves to take -upwear in parts and reduce the amount of play between the circle and thesupport. 'I'he adjustable shoe is movable radially of the circle by theadjusting screws within the limits of the slots in said shoe and servesto take up the side play between the circle and its support. Bracket 156is similarly equipped, having parts identical with those illustrated inFigs. 10, 11 in connection with bracket 151.

Yoke 154 (Fig. l2) is provided at its left front corner with arcuateledge 110 upon which the inwardly extending ilange of circle 1|I rests.Boss 11| in the overhanging portion of yoke 154 receives rub iron 112having adjusting screw 113 threaded in said boss and provided with locknut 114. Yoke 154 is similarly equipped at the right front corner.

Thus, four arcuate ledges, arranged in a circle, are provided on thecircle supporting framework which permit the circle to be revolvedthereon, and there is an adjustable rub iron associated with eachsupport. The two rear supports include adjustable shoes to take up sideplay.

From the foregoing description it is seen that the circle is revolvablysupported at four points, two of these being at the front in yoke 154which is provided with adjustable rub irons, and two in therear wherebrackets 155, 151 are provided with adjustable rub irons and adjustableshoes. The circle, therefore, can be rotated about its center, and meansare provided for taking up play between the circle and its supports inboth vertical and horizontal directions.

Drawbars 15|, 152 converge forwardly to connection 111 (Figs. 1 and 2)to which they are bolted. Bolt 118 in connection 111 is provided withapertured head 119 which receives pin 18| journaled in universalconnection 182. Nut 183 is threaded on bolt 118. Universal connection182 (Fig. 1) is journaled in bearing I6 in yoke I2 and bearing II2 incasting |09. Thus drawbars 15|, 152 can pivot in a vertical plane aboutthe axis of pin 18|, can pivot in a horizontal plane about the axis ofuniversal connection 182, and can rotate about the axis of bolt 118. Itis seen, therefore, that the drawbar circle assembly is capable of alimited universal movement about theintersection of the axes of pin 18|and connection 182 as a center.

To summarize the movements of which the circle is capable they are, anarcuate movement in a horizontal plane about the vertical axis ofuniversal connection 182; an arcuate movement in vertical planescontaining the axis of connection 182; oscillation about the axis ofbolt 118; and oscillation of the circle about its center. The desiredcircle adjustment is usually obtained by combinations of thesemovements.

Blade lift Telescopic lift hangers are provided for adjustablysupporting the blade andcircle assembly from the frame.

a,os4,141

The ends of rear cross angle 153 (Figs. 5, 9 and 13) are connected byball and socket connections 800-80l to lift screws 802, 803,respectively. As the lift hangers are identical in construction, onlyone will be described in detail, and the right-hand hanger whichincludes screw 803 will be referred to. Ball and socket connection 80|(Fig. 13) comprises ball 804 welded at 806 to angle 153, and a socketformed by the end of screw 803 and cap 801 (Figs. 13 and 14), bolts 808serving to connect said cap 801 to said screw 803. Screw 803 telescopeswithin tubular shield 809 which is welded at 8| 8|2 (Fig. 13) to lowersection 8|3 of housing 8|4. Wiper 8|6 (Figs. 13 and 14) at the lowervend of shield 809 has an outward flange which is held between the end ofsaid shield and anA inward flange on clamp 8|1, having clamping bolts8|5. Said clamp 8|1 has a pair of opposite fingers 8|8 (Fig. 14) adaptedto engage the heads of bolts 808 of ball and socket connection '80| tolimit upward movement of lift screw 803.

Said lower section 8|3 (Fig. 16) of housing 8|4 is formed as an invertedT at its lower end, extensions 8|9 thereof being cylindrical and havingbushings 82| journaled therein (Fig. 15). Trunnions 822 journaled insaid bushings 82| are also journaled in apertured arms 823 of fork 824.Bolts 826.(Figs. 15 and 16) passing through apertured bosses 821 in saidarms 823, engage peripheral grooves 828 in said trunnions 822 to holdthem in place. Said trunnions are longitudinally apertured to providelubricant passages.

Journal 829 (Fig. 13) of fork 824 is mounted for rotation in bushing 83|mounted in apertured boss 832 in arm 833 (Figs. 13 and 15) of bracket31. Nut 834 threaded on the reduced end of journal 829 presses washer836 into engagement with boss 832 and holds flange 831 of fork 824 inengagement with flange 838 of boss 832. Pin 839 locks nut 834 inadjusted position.

From the foregoing description it is seen that lift screw 803 is capableof pivotal movement about the axis of trunnions 822, and is also capableof pivotal movement about the axis of journal 829 of fork 824. 'I'hussaid lift screw 803 is mounted for universal movement about the point ofintersection of the axes of trunnions 822 and journal 829.

The upper end of screw 803 is received within cylindrical shield 84|(Fig. 13) which is closed at its upper end, and which is of sufficientlength to permit -movement of screw 803 .through its total range ofmovement. Said shield 84| is welded at 842 to collar 843 which hasthreaded engagement with the upper section 844 of housing 8|4. Saidupper section 844 is secured to said lower section 8|3 by bolts 845(Fig. 2).

Opposite apertured bosses 846 (Fig. 13) of collar 843 provide means vforturning said collar for a purpose to be described later.

Upper section 844 of housing 8|4 is slotted at.841 and is provided withopposite apertured bosses 848 which receive clamping bolt 849 whichserves to hold collar 843 in adjusted position.

Within housing 8|4 internally screw threaded collar 85| (Fig..13) ismounted on bearing 852 seated in recessed seat 853 in lower section 8|3of said housing 8|4, Washer 854 is seated in uptlnned flange 856 ofcollar 85| and is received in upper section 845. of housing 8|4,abutting the lower end of collar 843. Thus it is seen that collar 843serves as an adjusting means to prevent longitudinal movement of collar85| with respect to housing 8|4 whereby said collar 85|, upon rotationthereof,l will raise or lower screw 803 which has threaded engagementtherewith.

Bevel gear 851 is secured to thelower end of collar 85| by pin 858 andthe hub of said gear 851 extends below collar 85| to engage bearing 852.Bevel gear 851 meshes with' and is driven by bevel pinion 859 secured tostub shaft 86| by key 862 and held thereon by nut 863.

Stub shaft 86| is j ournaled in bracket 864 bolted to housing 8 I4. Fork861 is keyed to the outer reduced end of stub shaft 86| by key 868 (Fig.13) being held thereon by nut 869. Thus it is seen that rotation of fork861 and shaft 86| in one or the otherdirection through bevel pinion 859and bevel gear 851 serves to raise or lower screw 803 whereby the rightend of blade 100 is raised or lowered correspondingly.

Brace facing 81| (Fig. 13) is riveted to the face of hub 812 of fork 881and engages washer 813 seated within cup 814 formed in bracket 864. Apair of compression springs 816 are seated in recessed bosses 811 of cup814 and engage washer 813 to urge it into contact with brake facing 81Seal 818 engages stub shaft 86| and is seated in bracket 864. Thebraking means described above, comprising brake facing 81| and washer813, serves to prevent movement of the blade and circle assembly fromtheir adjusted position.

While collar 85|, comprising the nut, and lift screw 802 areirreversible, a very small force is required to turn said collar 85| tolower lift screw 802 when the blade is disengaged from the earth, andconversely to raise lift screw 802 when the blade is engaged with theearth. It has been found that the accidental rotation of stub shaft 86|due to vibration thereofk is suiclent to turn collar 85| under the abovedescribed conditions thereby destroying the adjustment of the blade. Thefrictional engagement of brake facing 81| with washer 813 dampsvibration of said shaft 86 I and prevents rotation thereof due to suchvibration. Thus any unintentional rotation of collar 85| is prevented,and the adjustment of the blade is maintained. c

Lift screw 802 (Fig. 4) is similarly mounted in housing 88| (Fig. 2)which is universally mounted on arm 882 of bracket 36 in the same mannerthat housing 8|4 is mounted on arm 833 of bracket 31. Fork 883 (Fig. 2)of universal joint |91 drives screw lift mechanism for screw 802 whichis identical in construction with that described above for lift screw803.

It is seen, therefore, that the blade and circle assembly can besimultaneously raised or lowered at both ends, or either end thereof maybe adjusted to a different height from the opposite end.

'Circle shift s Means are provided for (1) shifting the center of thecircle transversely of the machine or about lug 994 (Fig. 1) dependingfrom rack 998. Said rack 906 has channels formed integrally therewithfor engagement with the flanges of T-bar 4|, which, as explained before,is secured to the main frame.

Rack 906 is adapted to slide along bar 4|, and for this purpose isengaged with pinion 9| keyed on the lower end of vertical shaft 9|2 andheld thereon by a nut. Said shaft 9| 2 is journaled in housing 9|6(Figs. 1 and 2) which is bolted to frame angle 38, and in a suitablebracket on T-bar 4I. Within housing 9| 6 worm wheel 92| (Fig. 19) iskeyed to shaft 9 I2 and is driven by irreversible worm 923 on shaft 924also journaled in housing 9|9. Fork 926 (Fig. 1) fast on shaft 924 formspart of universal connection |204 whereby the center shift mechanism isdriven by means hereinafter described. Rotation of fork 926 and shaft924 operates to shift rack 906 toward either side of the machine,thereby shifting the center of the circle to extend the blade fartherout on either side. The lift screws alone could not maintain the bladeand circle in an angular position to one side of the machine because oftheir pivotal connection with the circle supporting frame and the mainframe, but, by the addition of the center shift lift connection, thechain of linkage comprising the main frame, lift screws 802, 803, thecircle supporting frame and link 903 forms a locked kinematic chain. Oneof the essential characteristics of a locked kinematic chain is that'when the linkage is adjusted to a selected position, it rigidlymaintains itself therein. Thus the blade is maintained in any adjustedposition.

(2) For shifting the circle on its center, it is provided with rack 94|(Figs. 5 'and 9) formed on the horizontal ange thereof, which is engagedby pinion 942 (Fig. 5) keyed on vertical shaft 943 and held thereon bynut 944. Shaft 943 is journaled in housing 946 which is seated inaperture 945 in yoke 154, being bolted to said yoke. Worm gear 949 (Fig.9) is secured to the upper end of shaft 943 and is adapted to be drivenby irreversible worm 952 on shaft 953. Shaft 953 is also journaled inhousing 946 and has fork 954 of universal connection |209 secured to oneend, and counterweight 956 secured to the other end. Counterweight 956is formed with an unbalanced weight distribution -with respect to theaxis of shaft 953, and serves to damp vibration of said shaft and toprevent creeping of worm 952 due to such vibration. Fork 954 and shaft953 are driven in a manner hereinafter described to shift the circle onits center to vary the angle of the blade with respect to the line ofdraft.

Scarer Scarifler |999 (Figs. 1, 2, and 17) comprises block |99| havingtwo rows of staggered openings |992 (Fig. 2) in the top and in thebottom thereof. The openings in the top and the bottom are aligned andprovide passageways for the insertion of the scarifler teeth; the frontpassageways are concealed in Fig. 2. A horizontal rib |003 (Fig. 17) isprovided in said block and is disposed within said front passageways,being adapted to be engaged by any one of a plurality of notches |004formed on the rear face of each scarier tooth |095. A similar rib isprovided adjacent the rear row of passageways. Wedge |006 is driven intoeach opening |902 in front of tooth |005 to hold' it rmly in position.

At its' rear edge block |00| is provided with integral pairs of verticalapertured ears |001, |999 (Figs. 1 and 17) for connection to aperturedends of scarier drawbars |9|| and |9|2. As shown in Fig. 17, ear |991and drawbar |9|| are connected by pin |009. Ear |009 and drawbar ||2 aresimilarly connected. Said drawbars |0| and |0 I2 curve upwardly andforwardly (Fig. 1) and are pivoted on the respective ends of shaft |0| 3(Figs. 1 and 2) journaled in apertured bosses |3, |4 (Fig. 2) of yoke l2previously described. Said drawbars provide a draft connection from themain frame to the scarifler.

Means are provided for varying the angle of the scarifier block withrespect to the scarier drawbars. Apertured horizontal ears |9|6 (Fig.17) and |0|1 (Fig. 1) are formed integrally with block 00| at theforward edge thereof. Ear |9|1 (Fig. 1) is connected to the lower end ofarm |0|8 by bolt |0|9. Arm |0|8 is provided with a plurality ofapertures |92|, and drawbar |9|2 is provided with a plurality ofapertures |922 whereby arm |0| 8 may be selectively coupled by bolt |023to drawbar |0|2. Ear |9|6 (Fig..17) is similarly connected to drawbar|9|| by arm |024 (Fig: 17), similar apertures |92|, |922 and bolt |0|9being provided. Thus the angle between the scarier block and thedrawbars can be varied to adjust the scarier teeth angularly withrespect to the surface of the grolmd.

Formed integrally with block |90| at its forward edge are pairs ofvertically apertured ears |026 (Fig. 17) and |021 (Fig. l) to whichscarifier lift arms |028, |029 are connected by respective pins |03|(Fig. 1). Lift arms |929, |929, have ball and socket connections |032,|033 (Fig. 2) with levers |034, |036 (Figs. 1 and 2). Said levers |034,|036 are secured to shaft |031 journaled in brackets |038, |039, boltedon gussets 32 and side frame channels |0, respectively. Levers |034,|036 are provided at their forward ends with respective gear segments|946, I 941. meshing with pinicns |048, 049, keyed on respective ends ofshaft |05|.

Said shaft |95| is journaled at one end in bracket |052 bolted to. sidechannel |9, and at its other end in housing |053, bolted to side channelSaid shaft |05| is encased in sleeve |054 welded within bracket |952andhousing |953.

Within housing |053 worm wheel |96| (diagrammatically shown in Fig. 19)is keyed to shaft |05| and is driven by worm |962 on shaft |963 alsojournaled in housing |953. Fork |964 (Fig. 1) on shaft |063 forms partof universal joint |2|4 and is driven in a manner hereinafter describedto drive the scariiier lifting mechanism above described.

'Ihus it is seen that upon rotation of shaft |963 (Fig. 19) worm |062thereon rotates worm wheel |06 to rotate shaft |95|. Rotation of shaft|95| through pinions |949, |949 oscillates gear segments |046, |041 andlevers |934, |935 to raise or lower scarer lift arms |023, |929 to movethe scarier in the same manner.

Power control Power take-off means are provided whereby a continuousdrive is transmitted from the crankshaft of the motor to the powercontrol mechanism. Shaft ||9| (Fig. 3) iournaled in b ||02 in the frontend of tubular shaft 4|9 is provided at its rear end with gear |93meshing with internal teeth of fly-wheel 49|. It is to be noted thatshaft ||0|, tubular shaft 4|5, and crankshaft 335 have identical axes ofrotation. Shaft; ||0| extends through cover ||94 bolted to cover 301 andis keyed to spider ||05 of universal sonnection H05. The drive istransmitted from spider H86 secured to spider H81 by flexible disks H89secured to said spiders by bolts H88. Spider I |81 is keyed on shaft .II II which is connected to shaft III2 (Fig. 18) by universal connectionI I I 3, similar to universal connection I I 85. One spider of saiduniversal connection IH3 is keyed on shaft IHI and the other is splinedon shaft III2. Said shaft H I2 enters the base of housing |I|4 which issecured by bolts HIB to angle 48. Said shaft III2 is journaled inbushing H I1 and bearing I i8, held between split ring H29 and thecover, shaft I I I2 is held in position by collar I||9 and nut |I2|threaded thereon. Seal I |22 is seated in housing HI4 and engages saidshaft.

Shaft III2 carries worm H23 which engages Worm Wheel I I 24 fast onvertical shaft I |26 which extends upwardly through housing H25supported on and bolted to said housing HI4. Bevel gear H21 keyed toshaft H26 at its upper end within control clutch housing H28, mesheswith bevel gears H3I and I |32, rotatably mounted on shaft H33, which isjournaled in bushings in housing I |28 and cover I |29 therefor. Saidcontrol clutch housing H28, sometimes called the control box, issupported on and bolted to said housing H25 which is located centrallywith respect thereto. Said housing H28 is also bolted at its top todashboard 56. Thus it is seen that bevel gears |I3I, H32 are rotated inopposite directions upon rotation of shaft H26 and gear I |21.

Hubs H34 and H35 of gears I|3I and H32, respectively, are formed withbeveled clutch teeth adapted to be engaged by complementary clutch teethon double faced clutch element H36 which engages splined portion H31 ofshaft ming action which tends to disengage the clutch elements.

Clutch element H36 is provided with a peripheral groove engaged by forkH38 secured to rod H39 slidably mounted in apertured boss H4I in coverH29 of housing H28 and in boss H42 in housing H28. Rod H39 is providedat its front end with peripheral groove H43 which is engaged by ballH44, under the influence of compression spring H45 in a recess in saidhousing and seated against plug H46 threaded therein, when said shaft isin its central position, wherein clutch element H36 is disengaged fromboth gears ||3I and I I 32. The ape: re in boss I |42 is closed and rodH39 is ilattened at that end to permit air to pass by said rod. Springpressed ball H44 retains rod H39 in its central position. Rod H39 ispivoted at its rear end to control lever H41. Lower rounded end I |48 ofsaid lever H41 is disposed within the aperture in boss H49 on cover H29.Thus it is seen that control lever H41 is provided with a oating,pivotal mounting on the control box.

From the foregoing description, it is seen that upon forward movement oflever H41 (to the right as viewed in Fig. 18) and rod H39 pivotedthereto, fork H38 moves clutch element H36 into engagement with theclutch teeth on hub H35 of bevel gear H32 whereby said clutch elementand shaft H33 are rotated in one direction. Upon rearward movement ofsaid lever H41, said clutch element H36 is engaged with the clutch teethassociated with bevel gear H3I which serves to rotate said clutchelement and shaft H33 in the opposite direction. Springpressed ball H44resists movement of lever H41, rod H39, and clutch element H36 fromtheir central, neutral position. It is to be noted that lower end H48 oflever H41 moves up and down in boss H49 as said levcr isoscillated tocontrol the reversible clutch mechanism due to the linear movement ofrod H39.

The reversible clutch mechanism described above is centrally locatedwith respect to housing I |28 and on each side thereof two similarclutch mechanisms are provided. As shown in Fig. 18 spur gears H5I, H51are formed integrally with bevel gears ||3|, H32, respectively, and saidspur gears comprise members of twoopposite trains of intermeshing spurgears forming the driving elements of a series of reversible clutchmechanisms as illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 19, where bevel gearsH3I, H32 are shown integrally with an end pair of spur gears forconvenience in illustration. These trains of spur gears comprise spurgears H8I, H58, H51, H52, H14 and respective opposite gears H82, H59,H51, H58, H15 on shafts H83, H56, H33, \||53, H16, respectively, allsimilar and similarly mounted in housing H28 and cover H29 therefor.Doublefaced clutch elements H85, H1I`, H36, H63, H18 are controlled bycontrol levers H81, H13, H41, H61, H88, respectively, by forks and rodssimilar to fork H38 and rod H39 (Fig. 18) and similarly mounted. Saidcontrol levers are also similar and similarly mounted. 1

From the foregoing description, it is seen that each of shafts H83, H56,H33, H53, and H16 are rotatable selectively in either directionaccording to the movement of a clutch element controlled by forward orbackward movement of a manually operated lever. It is necessary thatsaid control levers be held in clutch engaging position as the cammingaction of the beveled clutch teeth serves to disengage the clutchautomatically on release of said levers. If the tool encounters anobstruction, the beveled clutch teeth are disengaged automatically bythe camming action despite pressure on the control levers, therebypreventing any breaking of the parts. It is to be noted that the drivingelements of the above described clutch mechanism comprise a plurality oftrains of constantly rotating gears, each train consisting of a seriesof intermeshing spur gears.

Shafts H83, H56, H33, H53, and H16, extend through the front of housingI 28, being provided 'with respective oil seals similar to oil seal H88(Fig. 18) seated in housing H28 and engaging shaft H33. Said shafts areconnected by means including telescopic shafts and universal joints tothe various adjusting'mechanisms heretofore described.

Shaft I |83 (Figs. 2l and 18)Yhas universal joint I |94 with telescopicshaft I |95 which is connected by universal joint H91, including fork883, to the driving mechanism for lift screw 882. 'Ihus manuallyoperable lever H81 controls a power drive to operate lift screw 82 toraise-or lower one end of the blade.

Shaft H56 has universal joint |28I with telescopic shaft |282 which isconnected by universal joint |284, including fork 926 (Fig. 2) to shaft924 adapted to drive worm 923, worm gear 92|, pinion 9H to shift-rack986 and the blade and circle assembly transversely of the machine.Forward movement of control lever H13 enables a clutch connection toshift the blade and circle assembly to the left, while rearward movementof said lever H13 enables a clutch connection to shift said blade andcircle assembly to the right.

Shaft H33 has universal joint |286 with telescopic shaft I 281 which isconnected by universal joint |209, including fork 954, to shaft 953.Said shaft 953 drives' worm 952, worm gear 959, and pinion 942 to shiftthe circle on its center. Forward movement of control lever Il"determines rotation of said circle in one direction, while rearwardmovement thereof determines rotation of` the circle in the oppositedirection.

Shaft H53 has universal joint |2|I with telescopic shaft 2| 2, which isconnected by universal joint I2, including fork |084, with shaft |063which is adapted to drive worm |062 and worm gear |08| of the scarierlift mechanism 1 85| in housing 8H to operate lift screw 803. Controllever |80 controls operation of the above described driving mechanism inthe same manner that control lever ||81 controls operation of thedriving mechanism for lift screw 802, and can raise and lower the rightend of the blade.

From the foregoing description, it is seen that the powercontrolmechanism located at the operators station, controls alladjustments of the blade and scarifler. 'I'he scarifier can be raised orlowered. The blade can be' raised or lowered at either end by thetelescopic lift hangers, the angle of the blade with respect to the lineof draft can be varied by rotating the circle about its center, and theblade can be positioned transversely with respect to the frame byoperating the center shift mechanism.

'I'he control levers for operating the above outshaft.

lined adjusting mechanisms are arranged compactly on a control boxlocated immediately in front of the operator above the clutch and brakepedals, and adjacent the steering wheel which is supported on thecontrol box. The gear shift lever is located immediately to the right ofthe control box which supports at its right end the ignition switch andthe manifold heat control. The throttle control lever is mounted on theleft end of the control box. Thus it is seen that all the operatingcontrols for the automotive road machine are located at the operatorsstation and are conveniently arranged to the operator so that a minimumof time and effort is required in operating the machine.

The reversible clutch mechanism in the control box is driven constantlyfrom the crankshaft of the motor by a shaft extending through the clutchmechanism and forward to the control box. Thus a simple and direct driveis supplied to the power control mechanism at all times, whether themachine be stopped or in motion.

I, therefore, claim as my invention:

In an automotive road machine, a frame, a motor mounted in said frame atthe rear end thereof, an earth engaging tool mounted on said frameforwardly of said motor, an operators station between said tool and saidmotor, transmission means adjacent said motor, a hollow drive shaftextending forwardly from said motor,'a clutch between said motor andsaid hollow drive shaft, a drive connection between said hollow driveshaft and said transmission means, power control means for said tool atsaid station, and a drive shaft for said power control means having aconstant drive connection with said motor and extending forwardlythrough said hollow CARL A. GUSTAFSON.

